Fall 2025 Semester in Review

Research and Awareness-Raising on East Asia, the Impact of Climate Change on Persons with Disabilities & More

As part of its ongoing efforts to foster the dignity of persons with disabilities both in the United States and around the world, during the fall 2025 semester, HPOD undertook research and awareness-raising activities that deepened its long-standing engagement of Korean academic and civil society actors, in addition to exploring implications of continuing shifts in U.S. federal disability law and policy, the history of institutions for persons with disabilities, the risks posed to persons with disabilities in situations of armed conflict, the differential impact of climate change on persons with disabilities, and prospects for negotiations on international legal protections for older persons.

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Spotlight: Engaging Korea

With the support of the extensive network of partners and supporters of Harvard Law School’s (HLS) East Asia Legal Studies Program (EALS), HPOD has long engaged Korean academics and civil society on disability law and policy scholarship and educational activities. Following a successful, two-week visit in December 2023 by HPOD’s Chair, Professor William Alford, HPOD has commenced a collaboration with Seoul National University Law School (SNU), to facilitate academic exchange between HPOD and SNU disability law and policy scholars. Made possible with the generous support of the Hyundai Motor CMK Foundation, HPOD carried out a series of activities to address important global issues affecting the lives of persons with disabilities with significance in Korea.

The specific work took various forms in collaboration with SNU’s Public Interest & Legal Clinic Center. HPOD offered two online talks. HPOD’s Executive Director Professor Michael Ashley Stein delivered a talk on October 29 on the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) with insights on implications for Korea. HPOD associate Professor Paul Harpur from the University of Queensland Law School in Australia presented on November 5 on Australian universities’ disability action plans for inclusive higher education.

HPOD’s Senior Director for East Asia, Dr. Fengming Cui, paid a productive one-week visit to Seoul in early November. She offered a talk on digital accessibility and equal participation of persons with disabilities, had in-depth discussions with representatives from public interest law firms and organizations of persons with disabilities on critical disability rights issues from a comparative perspective, and spoke on rights to inclusive education in a SNU class offered by EALS Visiting Scholar Professor Bogki Kim. To nurture scholarship and awareness on disability rights, HPOD is hosting Mr. Jae Hyeong Cho as a visiting scholar whose focus is on comparative rights to internet access by persons with disabilities in the United States and Korea.

Research & Scholarship

HPOD continued to produce scholarship on disability law and policy issues concerning climate change, cause lawyering, and persons with intellectual disabilities.

HPOD added to its growing library of academicpractice, and Easy Read publications on disability-inclusive climate action with HPOD Senior Associate Dr. Penelope J.S. Stein and Professor Stein’s study on how persons with disabilities in Abia State, Nigeria perceive and experience the effects of climate change in their communities and also identified priorities for disability-inclusive climate solutions. Co-authored with a Nigerian scholar, Dr. Queensley C. Chukwudum of the University of Uyo, and David O. Anyaele, who directs the Centre for Citizens with Disabilities, the study reported respondent-identified barriers to accessing climate response measures, including stigma, lack of participation in decision-making processes, and personal mobility barriers. The study also reported respondent-informed key climate action priorities, including storytelling, trainings, and cultural events to overcome attitudinal barriers to disability-inclusive climate action, and inter-ministerial collaboration on establishing inclusive early warning systems, accessible shelters, and accessible transport.

In addition, HPOD deepened its scholarship on the important role within the disability community played by cause lawyers. Building upon Professor Stein’s seminal works on disability cause lawyering in the United States, HPOD has sought to highlight the role that cause lawyers play through strategic litigation in national and regional tribunals throughout the world. This year, together with HPOD affiliate Professor János Fiala Butora of the University of GalwayProfessor Stein and HPOD’s Director of Advocacy Initiatives Hezzy Smith published a study of disability jurisprudence by the European Court of Human Rights in the Human Rights Law Review. Their analysis finds that while the influential court in Strasbourg has in many cases expanded regional human rights protections following adoption of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, it has been reluctant to do so in several controversial areas, such as involuntary commitments and legal capacity restrictions.

Finally, Professor Alford and Dr. Cui worked with Professor Mei Liao, based in Shanghai, China, to co-edit a fourth volume of An Oral History of the Special Olympics in China: Different Stories but One Effort, deepening their ongoing efforts to use oral history methods to provide a first-hand account of how people with intellectual disabilities live in China, thereby aiding readers to understand how the Special Olympics movement, public policy, and the social environment affect members of this marginalized group.

Awareness-Raising & Capacity-Building

HPOD continued its awareness-raising activities to inform and strengthen the work of civil society stakeholders regarding important developments in U.S. disability law and policy, reproductive rights, and self-advocacy.

Among these activities, Mr. Smith provided a second timely roundup of major changes in U.S. disability law and policy and assessment of how people with disabilities and their supporters are likely to be affected. Specifically, unprecedented cuts to the federal Medicaid program will force states to make hard choices about which groups and what services to cover. Also, new work requirements for Medicaid and Supplement Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) beneficiaries will likely cause many otherwise eligible persons with disabilities to lose benefits, while changes in reimbursements will force states either to shoulder more of the costs of Medicaid and SNAP benefits or to pass those shortfalls on to service providers or individuals.

Also, HPOD’s Self-Advocacy Associate Anne Fracht penned a blog post reflecting on the self-advocacy movement following the Belonging Forum‘s global symposium. The Belonging Forum, formerly the Samuel Centre for Social Connectedness, aims to establish a foundation for a global movement to promote human belonging through research, advocacy, and convenings. Drawing on insights gleaned from inclusive research studies she has undertaken with a colleagues at Massachusetts Advocates Standing Strong that have explored how policies and practices in Massachusetts at times affirm and undermine the right of persons with intellectual disabilities to community inclusion, she posited that alternative frameworks, such as Kim Samuel’s idea of a “right to belong”, might also inspire self-advocates pursue long-held movement goals.

Finally, Camila Del Sol Moyano and Valeria Cabrera Bernal from the Universidad de los Andes Program on Action for Equality and Social Inclusion in Colombia provided a timely update on challenges faced by women with disabilities to overcoming barriers to sexual and reproductive rights in Latin America and the Caribbean. Their interventions at a thematic hearing held by the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights helped ensure that its 2025 regional report on the rights of persons with disabilities documented gaps in many countries’ national laws and policies affecting these rights.

Events

Throughout the fall, HPOD held a series of events on emerging issues affecting the disability community both in the United States and abroad.

On October 8th, HPOD partnered with the Boston Center for Independent Living (BCIL) and the HLS Disabled Law Student Association (DLSA) to organize a webinar that shone a light on the human toll that cuts to the federal Medicaid program will likely take. Moderated by Professor Stein, the event’s speakers included Dianna Hu, President of BCIL’s Board of Trustees; Dr. Lisa Iezzoni, Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School; Vesper Moore, Chief Operating Officer of Kiva Centers; and Ms. Fracht, who brought their professional and personal perspectives to bear on the ramifications of these cuts for persons with disabilities’ human right to independent living and community inclusion.

On November 3rd, HPOD partnered with DLSA to hold a discussion with Senator Mike Barrett and Representative Sean Garballey that was co-moderated by Ms. Fracht together with Harvard Kennedy School Lecturer and HPOD fellow Alex Green, where the two state representative reflected on the accomplishments of the Special Commission on State Institutions. Among them, this “extraordinary” Commission’s work informed the recent enactment of legislation to open up the record books of Massachusetts’ state-run congregate care facilities for persons with disabilities, to help tell previously untold histories of institutionalization.

On November 13th, HPOD co-organized an event with the Harvard University Asia Center’s Southeast Asia Initiative that marked the launch of a thematic report by the United Nations Special Rapporteur on the human rights situation in Myanmar’s that highlights the risks and harms experienced by persons with disabilities amid the ongoing armed conflict. HLS Clinical Professor of Law Tyler Giannini moderated this special presentation by Rapporteur Tom Andrews, which featured video testimonies from persons with disabilities in Myanmar and the Burmese diaspora.

HPOD concluded its semester-long public events series on November 18th with a webinar co-organized with the Petrie-Flom Center for Health Law Policy, Biotechnology, and Bioethics (PFC) and the Center for Law, Brain & Behavior (CLBB) previewing the prospects for the nascent negotiations of an international human rights treaty for older persons. The event featured HPOD Senior Advisor Luis Gallegos, former ambassador of Ecuador; Professor Jody Heymann, Founding Director of the WORLD Policy Analysis Center at UCLA; Dr. Alejandro Bonilla García, Chair of the NGO Committee on Ageing in Geneva; and Silvia Perel-Levin, independent consultant on ageing health, and human rights of older persons; with Professor Stein moderating, PFC’s Executive Director Susannah Baruch delivering welcoming remarks, and CLBB’s Executive Director Robert Kinscherff providing concluding remarks.

Beyond the HLS campus, HPOD continued its collaboration with a broad coalition of prominent civil society and intergovernmental organizations to raise awareness of older persons’ rights, including the right to food, as well as their access to the benefits of science and technology, through the United Nations Institute for Training and Research’s 4th yearlong virtual roundtable series.

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Events & News

HPOD organized a series of timely events on emerging issues, including litigation strategies for advancing disability climate justice, ongoing efforts to end the mass incarceration of persons of color with disabilities, and promoting awareness of the CRPD in the context of climate risks and emergencies. HPOD also assessed the implications of the passing of Sir Robert Martin, the only person with intellectual disability ever named to a UN treaty body, for self-advocates’ future involvement in the CRPD Committee’s periodic monitoring process. Last, in May 2024, HPOD’s China Program Director, Dr. Fengming Cui, was awarded the Maria McTernan Leadership Award by the Charles River Center in recognition of her demonstrated outstanding leadership in supporting the disability community.

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